December 2024

frothlad:

drownedinlight:

therearecertainshadesoflimelight:

FYI this is literally from an episode where Lois and Clark fight actual Nazis. That little punk was a NAZI working undercover at The Daily Planet.

This was like 1995.

Not that it should be in question at all but Superman and his wife fucking hate Nazis. They hate them. If you are a Nazi sympathizer, Superman hates you.

Also, just in case you’re distinguishing yourself, Superman also hates the KKK. 

There’s nothing superheroes like more than punching Nazis and racists.

genderkoolaid:

give it enough time and there will be people online who will read about how ancient athenian wives weren’t allowed to attend meals with men they weren’t related to and comment omggg we need to bring this back!!! men are so scary the only way women would ever be safe is if we had our own special room in the home and never had to interact with men at all. i love feminism

dedededededededededededededenne:

randobambo:

apardonablemonomania:

pariztexas:

Mad Max: Fury Road (2015) dir. George Miller

I hate that you photoshopped out the right arm of the dog to enhance the realism

cadoized:

sapphling:

just for the record i would have played wolves with you

kwain-itinerant-meddler:

thesylverlining:

alexaloraetheris:

e-the-village-cryptid:

purposeless-lovelydreams:

derinthescarletpescatarian:

vel0000vet:

derinthescarletpescatarian:

flipocrite:

derinthescarletpescatarian:

boopboopboopbadoop:

derinthescarletpescatarian:

jesin00:

derinthescarletpescatarian:

oceaneyes1834:

derinthescarletpescatarian:

oceaneyes1834:

derinthescarletpescatarian:

jasonfunderberkerthefrogexists:

oceaneyes1834:

andmakelovingyoumyburningbrand:

derinthescarletpescatarian:

buthowaminotdeadyet:

oceaneyes1834:

buthowaminotdeadyet:

oceaneyes1834:

buthowaminotdeadyet:

oceaneyes1834:

buthowaminotdeadyet:

oceaneyes1834:

Can someone please explain to me what evaporated milk is? Wouldn’t that just be gas by definition? I live in constant fear

no no it’s what left behind after the milk has been evaporated cuz only the water goes, not the other stuff

THERE’S WATER IN MILK?

WHAT DID YOU THINK THE LIQUID WAS?

IDK ISNT MILK ITS OWN LIQUID?

NO

IT’S MILK-STUFF MIXED WITH WATER

MILK STUFF? DOESNT IT JUST COME FROM THE COW’S TIT?

ITS LIKE TIT JUICE, THERE IS WATER IN JUICE AND THERE IS WATER IN MILK

It’s fat droplets suspended in water, with some nutrients and soforth dissolved in it. You know, like ranch dressing.

Evaporated milk is just dehydrated milk.

Obsessed with the user who assumed milk was its own element on the periodic table

As op I felt like I had to make this

Milk, the forbidden 119th element

the only question left is if it’s a metal, non-metal, or metalloid.

OP seems to have classified it as a special case of halfnium, reclassified as a lanthanide. This has fascinating implications for electron orbital geometry.

Anyway it’s a rare earth metal apparently.

Yes I definitely classified it intentionally and knew exactly what I was doing when I put it with the lanthanides because I am never wrong

MILK IS A RARE EARTH METAL

I thought so, I took one look at your classification and immediately thought “this is definitely someone with a deep understanding of how the periodic table works”

I’m glad that we have reached a consensus on the expected elemental properties of milk

I’d really like to know what @derinthescarletpescatarian’s thoughts are on milk’s electron orbital geometry

That would involve writing a crash course in how suborbitals work on a post about whether water (the primary ingredient in milk) is in milk and even for tumblr that’s going a bit far

no, it is absolutely not going too far

You guys always complain that you don’t get to learn stuff in normal ways and then you come asking for this

MILK IS SEVERAL COMPOUNDS PLEASE YALL ARE KILLING ME OVER HERE

We have a container of dry milk because in addition to a little fat and sugars, it contains proteins, which settle into the pores of nitrocellulose membranes, making sure analytical proteins (specific antibodies) don’t get trapped. We could just use casein (one of the proteins in milk), but milk is much cheaper and can also be found at Walmart.

No milk is a lanthanide keep up

lanthanide?

I think you mean lactanide

I will put lego in all of your shoes

A cube of milk with 3 inches of edge length can blow up the galaxy.

Our galaxy is actually the result of such an explosion, that’s why we call it the Milky Way

this is a unique sort of thread in which you’ll find two types of people exclusively: nerds and dumbasses

Enter OCEAN EYES and NOT DEAD YET, two of the king’s most quarrelsome stablehands.

OCEAN
May one explain what powdered milk doth be?
Is it not gas? I live in constant fear.

NOT DEAD
The water flees to air, the rest is left.
The dry debris then forms the powdered milk.

OCEAN
Thou sayest water doth reside in milk?

NOT DEAD
Pray tell what thou believ’st the liquid is?

OCEAN
Is milk not one pure substance in itself?

NOT DEAD
No; ‘tis only milk-stuff mixed with water.

OCEAN
Yet milk appears from living cows’ own tits!

NOT DEAD
‘Tis juice from tits, yet water still it holds.
If water be in juice, then ‘tis in milk.

Enter DERIN, the scarlet pescatarian.

DERIN
‘Tis drops of fat afloat in water,
As if ‘twas dressing for thy greens.
With water gone, the powdered milk remains.

A NOTE attached to an arrow, written by BURNING BRAND, flies through the window.

BURNING BRAND’S NOTE
Obsessed with he who foolishly believ’d
That milk is element of chemistry.

The NOTE crumbles to ash. BURNING BRAND is not seen again.

OCEAN
As he who instigated such a fight,
I felt that this creation was my duty.

OCEAN unrolls a scroll of parchment with a flourish.

OCEAN
Behold, ‘tis milk, one hundred and nineteen.

Enter JASON FUNDER BERKER, a frog.

JASON FUNDER BERKER
And yet the burning question still remains:
‘Tis metal, not, or somewhere in between?

JASON FUNDER BERKER does not wait to hear the answer, and exits.

DERIN
A lanthinide! A special case, I see.
How fascinating, geometrically. 
But let us leave atomic musings be.
For milk is a rare metal of our Earth.

OCEAN
Of course it is, for I am always right.
My choices are, of course, deliberate.

DERIN
I do not doubt thou speakest truth, my lord
Thy brilliant mind is utterly unmatch’d.
It seems that an agreement has been reach’d.

OCEAN
Of course; however, in sincerity
I wish to know thy scholar-driven thoughts.

DERIN
I fear ‘twould be beyond thy comprehension.
To teach to thee would take this much too far.

Exit OCEAN, in a huff. Enter JESIN, BOOP BOOP, FLIPOCRITE, VELVET, and LOVELY DREAMS, curious onlookers attracted to the scene.

JESIN
Do teach us, it would not take this too far!

DERIN
Ye all complain of learning strangely,
Then ask me baiting questions such as this!

BOOP BOOP
Thy gross ineptitude shall be my death!
Milk is formed of small component parts.
The fat, the sugars, proteins all combine
They seep through pores of membranes in this drink
Unpleasant compounds all are filter’d out.
All this obtained for small amounts of coin.

DERIN
No, milk is lanthanide, pray keep the pace.

FLIPOCRITE
The word thou mean’st is lactanide, I think.

DERIN
May sharpened pain-shaped stones fill up thy shoes
So that thou never know’st a moment’s peace.

VELVET
A cube of milk, three inches on each side
Could blow up the entire galaxy.

DERIN
Our galaxy was formed in such a fashion.
‘Tis why we gave it name of “Milky Way.”

LOVELY DREAMS
Thus ends our entertainment for the night
Here fools and pompous scholars come to fight.

Exuent, pursued by a cow.

(Shakespearean adaptation format inspired by @mortimermcmirestinks​ in this post)

Youpeople have no right to be this funny on my dash so early in the morning

This is one of those threads that would go perfectly as a video set to “in the hall of the mountain king” and we all know it, I’m just not gonna be the one to make it

So, I was knitting, with the intention of talking to my love while doing so, so I left my headphones off. He picks up his phone to scroll while I’m, like, 5 stitches into my row, so I ask him to read me his tumblr.


HE PROCEEDS TO READ THIS ENTIRE POST WITH SILLY VOICES AND IT WAS THE BEST EXPERIENCE I’VE HAD ON TUMBLR IN YEARS

mortimermcmirestinks:

mortimermcmirestinks:

silverjirachi:

malus-syl-vestris:

aeruh:

malus-syl-vestris:

aeruh:

malus-syl-vestris:

aeruh:

malus-syl-vestris:

aeruh:

malus-syl-vestris:

aeruh:

malus-syl-vestris:

aeruh:

malus-syl-vestris:

aeruh:

malus-syl-vestris:

aeruh:

malus-syl-vestris:

aeruh:

malus-syl-vestris:

aeruh:

Rosemary? You mean spicy pine needles?

Are you insinuating that regular pine needles aren’t spicy???

Regular pine needles are regular

Not by rosemary standards

…Have you eaten pine needles?

We’ve been friends for like four years, do you seriously have to ask if I’ve eaten pine needles or not

I mean I’m pretty sure you have but I don’t want to assume

Of course I’ve eaten pine needles. Various kinds. Singleleaf pinyon is weirdly the best

Are they…

spicy?

You know, I’d love to tell you but I’m pretty unclear about what marks the difference between “spice” and “strong-tasting plant that isn’t considered a spice”

I’ll have to eat some pine needles myself then to find out

Ok but it only counts if they’re PINE needles and not just any old needle-like leaf off a tree

I’m going to eat every needle-like leaf I see

Please Don’t Do That

Needle-Like Leaf Roulette

…I’ll accept this plan as long as you promise not to eat any yew leaves.

I can try very hard not to

Pine needles are distinguished by the presence of a sheath-like structure at the base of the leaf, almost always holding bundles of two or more leaves. Yews don’t have the sheath thing

It’s time for me to go out into the woods and stare at needle leaves

Finally you can gain real insight into my average daily life

this conversation reads like two shakespeare characters who come out in the middle of the play to talk about something completely unrelated for comic relief and then are never heard from again

god fucking dammit gimme a minute

Enter AERUH and MALUS SYL-VESTRIS, a pair of JESTERS.

AERUH
I tell thee, rosemary is like a pine
but with a spicy taste.

MALUS
                        Art thou to claim
that needles base of pine have not a spice?

AERUH
A needle base of pine is merely base.

MALUS
‘Tis not when held, comparing, to anthos.

AERUH
My dearest Malus, needles thou'st eaten?

MALUS
How many moons have we as friends seen rise?
How many suns have we as friends seen set?
Thou sixteen seasons in my heart I’ve held,
and hope that I in thine hast been the same.
With brotherhood as rich and old as this,
thou needst not ask me such frivolities.

AERUH
I know thou likely has, to tell the truth,
but I would not assume.

MALUS
                      Well, yes, I have.
A multitude of types I’ve eaten too.
I’ll tell thee now: the best (though it is strange)
is single-leaf pinyon.

AERUH
                    And it has spice?

MALUS
I truly wish that I could tell thee this,
but now, i'faith, I cannot fully tell,
the difference in classifying thus:
to say “has spice” or merely “herbal strength”.

AERUH
To tell this tale most clearly it would seem
that eating needles from a pine’s required.

MALUS
Aye, it would seem that that’s the task at hand,
but caution tells that this is what’s to do:
eat only needles of the honest pine,
and none of lying leaf with pinelike shape.

AERUH
I’ll eat them all.

MALUS
                  I prithee, stay thyself.

AERUH
Roulette with leaves.

MALUS
                    At least restrain from yew.

AERUH
I’ll do my best.

MALUS
               That is all can we do.
The scholars tell that needles true of pine
can be distinguished from the lying yew
by sheathlike clothing all along the base;
the yew has no such guard.

AERUH
                         With this new truth
I now will venture out into the wood
and seek the pines and pinelike fakes alike
to stare them down and learn their secret truths.

MALUS
With this thou canst at long and weary last
Discover for thyself my life’s own path.

Exeunt.

Enter MACDUFF.

MACDUFF.
Yo dudes that king there’s dead. Like dead as FUCK.

paimonthearchivist2:

biracy:

biracy:

If your immediate response to “trans men are capable of benefiting from male privilege” is “trans men are not The Enemy!!” I don’t think u should be discussing feminism or intersectionality at all lmao

Like the “vibes-based politics” of this website (and others!) has led a bunch of people to thinking that “has privilege” is synonymous with “is an Oppressor” and that “is an Oppressor” is basically synonymous with “ontologically evil,” and thus only the straightest whitest richest most cisgender men of all time can be Privileged. But the entire purpose of intersectional thinking is to acknowledge that privilege doesn’t work like that, being privileged in one area does not mean you can’t be marginalized in other areas, and being privileged does not make you “the enemy” lmao who are you a 2016-era “anti SJW”. I would say “imagine if people responded to discussions about white feminists with ‘white women are not the enemy!!!’” but people do do that lmao

okay except for the fact that trans men as a group are not capable of benefiting from male privilege. you would know this if you listened to trans men about anything instead of jerking yourself off about your incorrect reading of Whipping Girl on Tumblr

boyslit-moving:

travelingarchives-deactivated20:

satyrradio-deactivated20250513:

trans-friendly

Shinigami eyes is a browser extension that was meant to mark someone as trans friendly or not trans friendly, based on user data and guidelines. A username/site/etc would be marked as green if they were trans-friendly. Red meant not trans friendly.

Due to the developer (developers?) being a trans radfem (meaning they believe that anti transmasculity doesn’t exist and afab transfems are trolls (when the latter is usually intersex folks) and intersex people are inheritly anti-trams and “theyfab” isn’t a slur… etc.), SE has basically become useless. People who will call enbies “theyfabs” get marked green, while people who believe in anti-transmasculity or believe that sex isn’t binary get marked red.

Hope this helps!

refresher for anyone who hasn’t heard 🙃

Hello again,

I see that you really liked our product "Totally not a cursed amulet™". Could you give us then a positive review on GoodSpells.com?

We also have now available for a limited time collection of spells that will blow your mind (literally).

~ Evil Magic inc.

Oooooooh! Limited collection? Sign me up!

strakatea:

One former Cigna executive recalled how the US health insurer used to frequently face threats when claims were denied. "We'd have times when you'd deny proton laser therapy for a kid with seizures and the parent would freak out," said the former executive.
Another industry executive said: "What's most disturbing is the ability of people to hide behind their keyboards and lose their humanity."ALT

It is really disturbing how people can lose their humanity and threaten you just because you *checks notes* sentenced their child to death :’(

guerrillatech:

sadraccoon061:

Y'all I cannot stress this enough but it’s real important to share stuff that you like if you want to see more of the stuff you like. And that means reblogging stuff.

I’m referencing Simblr specifically here, and fuck knows there’s a 1001 reasons someone might want to leave this community, but that CC creator who just quietly stopped posting? That Sims story that never got finished and never will? That person with really neat Sims who said goodbye? All of these can be casualties of feeling like no one gives a shit.

“But SadRaccoon! People should do things because they want to! Notes don’t mater!”

In an ideal world, yes. And you should do things because you want to, and not out of a sense of obligation for notes or whatever else. But I think we all know that’s not how it works. Plus, I normally see this POV spouted from accounts that already have a big following so it comes off as a tad disingenuous. A little love goes a long way.

TL;DR - If you want to see more of the stuff you love, share the shit out of it.

rhynee:

the edit itself

this edit is getting taken down from tiktok every time someone reuploads it, its straight up censorship at this point

Im not even american but im having a great time with this

DONT LET THIS DIE

credit to miraculousgastropod for the original

depsidase:

haltmann:

fagsex:

i’m minding my own business reading the wikipedia page list of sandwiches and like. what kind of metabolism did elvis possess holy shit

suddenly him dying on the toilet makes a lot more sense

How much time do you spend on Tumblr everyday?

unpretty:

come back with a warrant

theauthor27:

Me looking at a song that’s less than two minutes long;

katelyn-danger:

Sorry That As A Trans Woman I Am Maladjusted And Not Coping Well With The Fact That My Family Hates Me, Random Strangers Are Afraid Of Me And Want To Hurt Me, The Government Wants Me Dead, And I Am Underemployed And Have No Money To Pay For Rent, Food, Or The Medicine I Need To Stay Happy, Healthy, And Alive. I Will Do Better To Contort Myself Into Knots For You In The Future So That I Don’t Inconvenience You With My Existence. Peace And Love.

pinetreespants:

aveloka-draws:

Uh oh! Car swap! @pinetreespants ’s Nari has to deal with my Lamb’s obsession about lore (and being an alternate version of their cat doesn’t help)

I’m sure he’ll be fine.

HAHAHAHA the menacing bash baah 🌼🌼

lesboyjack:

no, yeah i’m into some suuuper freaky stuff like my biggest kink is this thing called being desired, being yearned after, being wanted

yuo heard of it?

boyslit-moving:

travelingarchives-deactivated20:

satyrradio-deactivated20250513:

trans-friendly

Shinigami eyes is a browser extension that was meant to mark someone as trans friendly or not trans friendly, based on user data and guidelines. A username/site/etc would be marked as green if they were trans-friendly. Red meant not trans friendly.

Due to the developer (developers?) being a trans radfem (meaning they believe that anti transmasculity doesn’t exist and afab transfems are trolls (when the latter is usually intersex folks) and intersex people are inheritly anti-trams and “theyfab” isn’t a slur… etc.), SE has basically become useless. People who will call enbies “theyfabs” get marked green, while people who believe in anti-transmasculity or believe that sex isn’t binary get marked red.

Hope this helps!

refresher for anyone who hasn’t heard 🙃

geekgirles:

I am so fucking stupid. I literally just realised the reason Loona spent most of the episode stuffing her face was because she was indulging in Gluttony since it was Sinsmas. #facepalm

ur-daily-inspiration:

hungy-raka:

when you haven’t drawn the characters in a while and now you dont remember how to draw a face:

cheatsykoopa98:

ro-bee:

pupigoat beastars au first meeting thing lol part two of this

i made this tags real lol

they talked all day <3

runningwithscizzorz:

triflesandparsnips:

pendragyn:

phantomrose96:

You know, an interesting tumblr transformation that’s happened gradually, and which I’ve seen no one talk about: ask-culture has essentially dropped off to nothing.

By which I mean, asks used to be WAY more of the tumblr economy. They used to be more common to send, and receive, and see. They were integral to the collaborative, forum-like behavior of old tumblr communities, not even to speak on the HUGE number of ask-blogs that used to exist to only be interacted with in ask-form.

I’m not saying this in a vying-for-attention way but instead in an observational way: I used to get way way more asks in like 2015, even with a fraction of my follower count. I wonder if it’s due to the homogenization of social media sites? There’s a lot more of this divide between “content creator” and “consumer” instead of just a bunch of peer blogs who would talk to each other. “Asks” aren’t really a thing on twitter, are they? And as I understand it, the closest thing to an “ask” on instagram or tiktok would be a creator screenshotting some comment and responding to it in a new reel or video or whatever those content mediums are. Are asks just too tumblr-specific? Is that aspect of the site culture dying out as more and more people converge to using all their social media sites in the same way?

it’s probably from assholes making asks a minefield of trolling/harassment for years with no real blocking ability, which turned people off from allowing asks on their blogs so as a whole the site moved away from it

but now that we do have better blocking, we should try to revive it.

Reblog if your ask box is open.

I was honestly really surprised by how few asks I got when I joined, and how little I saw the asks even directly interacting with characters that artists were drawing. I remember being younger and watching compilations of tumbler asks being answered by characters from TV shows and video games and such (Pinkamena from MLP, the cast of Undertale, FNAF gang answers, blah blah blah) , and I haven’t gotten a single one of those! I vote that we bring that back!!

impossiblepackage:

victusinveritas:

Calling her a copycat of a guy who hasn’t been convicted of a thing she didn’t even do….

everythingfox:

aniimoni:

aniimoni:

i could type “tits” and you guys would reblog it

tits

tpwrtrmnky:

freepaleatine955:

Hello my friends I hope you are all well My account was blocked yesterday without any reason I have created this account instead I hope you support this account and support the donation campaign to evacuate my family soon when the crossing opens The link is here

My family support link

Marah is up there as an absolutely incredible poster on the topic of the genocide and it’s a travesty that Tumblr decided to do this. Help her out, she deserves safety just as much as anyone else!

asquirrelinspace:

YOINK!

Source: US fish and wildlife service on instagram (https://www.instagram.com/reel/C817Hl-qrm-/)

theothin:

trekwiz:

johnbrownanarchist:

jertaro:

killer-tharja:

And no one is gonna mention he was a welsh forklift driver? WHO HAD BEEN PARTYING FOR 37 HOURS.

He said the swim took around 30 minutes but admitted he felt “knackered” half way across, but knew he had to make it to the other side as he could feel the water pulling him towards the dam.

“I was sucked towards the wall and had to swim hard. At the other side I was exhausted. Then I heard police shout,” he told The Sun.

He was handcuffed and arrested by Nevada police after making it across the water in front of the 726ft structure, and fined $330 (£250) for “jumping, diving, swimming from dam’s spillways or other structures”.

The forklift driver is only thought to have survived as nine of the dam’s 10 turbines were switched off at the time.

“One officer said, ‘In my whole lifetime I’ve never seen or heard of anyone doing it’,” Mr Hughes told MailOnline, while admitting his decision to go for a swim had been “fuelled by drink”.

Some 275 people have reportedly died at the site in the last 10 years.

“I don’t have any regrets,” Mr Hughes told the BBC. “I even have a tattoo saying ‘no regrets,’ that’s the type of person I am.”

raybuggybug-arts:

I’m doing a couple lamb swaps, but here’s the lil one I did with a homie- He doesn’t have a tumblr…

My Lamb thinks of their family a lot, and no matter how much time passes, they still can’t help but cry some times. They started to go to my Narinder to have his comforting company… My friend’s Narinder does not know how to comfort. He’s trying his best, though. Even when he doesn’t know who the “them” are.

spacecaptainglow:

kristina100000:

really need someone to slonk my shit rn stupid style

This post resurrected the word Slonk

skippyisntfunny:

hawkejustice:

i am gay and i want attention. reblog if you, too, are gay and want attention 

desktop-assistant:

stop telling people to uncheck quick fixes in ublock origin

stop telling people to uncheck quick fixes in ublock origin stop telling people to uncheck quick fixes in ublock origin stop telling people to uncheck quick fixes in ublock origin

you ONLY have to update it, disabling it will prevent you from receiving further youtube fixes in the future

this button will update it ^

cracklelackle:

Quick flat colouring cotl art

victusinveritas:

parentheses-posts:

sindri42:

bombcollar:

tikkety-tok:

sound on

[ID: Text: When people ask me if there are any crabs walking around in my shop…

The opening notes to “House of the Rising Sun” play. A crab walks across the screen as the lyrics “There is” are heard. Video cuts ends after that.]

glad to see the Coast Guard is having fun today

This post has 1 set of brackets and 1 crab.

clowngirlpony:

clowngirlpony:

clowngirlpony:

The fat transfem experience is multitudes more difficult than you realize

I don’t mean for this to sound petty or like it’s a contest but I get genuinely jealous of people who are able to complain about individual instances of being misgendered. Meanwhile I can count on my fingers the number of times I’ve been gendered CORRECTLY by strangers. To me being misgendered is still the default after 4 years of HRT. Can you even imagine?

All this to say, please uplift the fat trans women in your life. This means you allies, this means you trans men, this means you thin trans women.

tigersharkartist:

Funny bush bishop
Quick sketch of Leshy while I’m working on another drawing :3 I will draw them more lol

seabassapologist:

itsyveinthesky:

seabassapologist:

itsyveinthesky:

closet-keys:

it disturbs me that a significant number of people think that the issue with sexual violence, gendered violence, and misogyny is sexual desire rather than dehumanization, so they are relentlessly suspicious of others’ (and their own) desires while simultaneously never at all interrogating others’ (and their own) dehumanizing beliefs about other people, both within and outside of sexual contexts

rhynee:

the edit itself

this edit is getting taken down from tiktok every time someone reuploads it, its straight up censorship at this point

Im not even american but im having a great time with this

DONT LET THIS DIE

credit to miraculousgastropod for the original

redshift-13:

The health insurance industry has a term for this sadistic practice. It’s called “step therapy.” If the choice is between a more expensive medication that works and a cheaper one that doesn’t work as well and might have worse side effects, the insurance company requires that the cheaper drug be used first.

One benefit to the insurance company is that the patient on the cheaper drug might die before they get a chance to use the drug that works but is more expensive. That’s money in the bank for the insurance company.

Or, the patient might be so worn down and harmed by the cheaper drug that they just give up the fight to get the drug that will help them. Again, that’s bank for the insurance company.

ro-bee:

muah muah muah muah!!!

script-doodles:

prokopetz:

I think a lot of people are getting the wrong idea when they call Tolkien a freak because he invented this elaborate framing device whereby the Red Book of Westmarch was actually written by Bilbo and Frodo (with some addenda by Sam) and he, Tolkien, was merely an editor and translator. Throughout history it’s actually been a very common literary device for an author to represent their work has having been written by a character who appears in the story, with the author themselves variously positioned as a translator, editor, and/or literary executor. At the time that Tolkien was writing, such a device would have been seen as somewhat old-fashioned, but certainly not eccentric. Like, Tolkien was definitely a freak, but not for that reason.

My favorite example of this is Frankenstein.

Imagine you Margaret Saville, living in comfortably in Victorian England. Your brother will be back from his expedition to the north soon. And then the afternoon post arrives and you get a novel’s worth of delayed mail from aforementioned brother. And he writes about how they found a crazy, kinda cute, guy out on the ice of the North Pole. And the crazy guy tells your brother his life story, which your brother then takes notes on (and mails to you for some reason).

So now you’re reading the incredibly detailed notes from your brother about the life story of a crazy guy from the ice. After skimming through multiple chapters detailing the youth of a crazy guy you don’t know, you read something about constructing a living man out of the pieces of a corpse? and it’s fluent in French? So you keep reading and at one point of the account the Corpse tells Crazy Ice Guy what it’s been up to.

So now you’re reading your brother’s incredibly detailed notes about the story told by Sad Crazy Guy, in which an articulate Corpse is now telling a story about living in a poor family’s walls and watching them (which is how it learned French btw). And then the Corpse overhears the villagers tell the story of how they became impoverished.

So now you’re reading your brother’s shockingly detailed recording of the Hot Crazy Ice Guy’s ramblings about the Frech-speaking Corpse’s account of some random Villagers’ story about how they were betrayed by the Turkish merchant they broke out of jail back in Italy that one time.

And then your brother walks in the front door and you’re like Robert What The Fuck Is This?